Electron Source

Applied Physics Technologies manufactures electron sources used primarily for analysis and inspection equipment and metal 3D printers.

• Applied Physics Technologies, Inc.
• Product Development for Metal 3D Printers

Main products

CeBix^®

Materials	Cerium Hexaboride(CeB6)
Features	Long lifetime, High brightness, Contaminate Resistant(Comparison with LaB6)
Application	Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM),Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM),Electron Beam Microanalyzer (EPMA)Surface Analyzer,Metal 3D printer,Micro Focus X-Ray source,Lithography equipment, etc.

LaB₆

Materials	Lanthanum Hexaboride (LaB6)
Features	Long lifetime, High brightness (Comparison with Tungsten Filament).
Application	Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM),Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM),Electron Beam Microanalyzer (EPMA)Surface Analyzer,Metal 3D printer,Micro Focus X-Ray source,Lithography equipment, etc.

REFRACTORY METAL SINGLE CRYSTALS

Materials	W, Ta, Mo, Re, Ir, Hc, Pt, Ni, etc.
Features	Manufacturing High Purity and High Quality Single Crystals by Zone Refining Process with In-house Equipment.
Application	SEM, TEM, Semiconductor Analysis Equipment, X-Ray Tube, EPMA, Lithography Equipment, etc.

TRANSITION METAL CARBIDE CATHODES

Materials	HfC, ZrC, TiC, NbC, etc.
Features	High Melting Point, High Durability, Lower Evaporation (Long Lifetime) High Performance under Poor Vacuum Environment
Application	Better Performance With Replacing Current Thermal Emission Source, Materials for R&D, Various Electron Source Application, etc.

Type of electron source

Type of electron source

Comparison Item	Thermionic Source (W)	Thermionic Source (LaB6/CeBix®)	Schottky (SE) Electron Source	Field Emission(FE)Electron Source
Electron Beam Emission Method	Heat W Hairpin Filament	Heat a Small Single Crystal	Heating and Applying High Voltage to Needle Metal (Use Schottky Effect)	Application of High Voltage to Needle Metal (Use Tunnel Effect)
Brightness	△	〇	◎	◎+
Monochromaticity	✕	△	〇	◎
Resolution	△	〇	◎	◎+
Amperage	〇	◎	◎	△
Stability	◎	〇	◎	△
Lifetime	△	〇	◎	〇
Cost	◎	〇	△	〇
Handle ability	◎	〇	〇	△

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